Category Archives: Edson Gould

Barrick Gold or Newmont Mining?: Edson Gould’s Altimeter Makes the Call

There are few times that we’ll actually recommend individual gold stocks because much of the available statistical data supports the view that gold stocks are inferior investments when compared to products like SPDR Gold Trust (GLD) or the iShares Silver Trust (SLV), let alone the peace of mind with ownership of the physical metals. The following are the three most prominent examples of when gold stocks didn’t make the grade.

First,  in the period from 1925 to 1932, a basket of gold stocks declined as much as  -64.81% when Homestake Mining is included in the index.  In a article titled “The Lessons of Homestake Mining in Gold Bull and Bear Markets,” we’ve outlined a majority of the reasons why Homestake did so well when other gold stocks didn’t. If we exclude Homestake Mining from the 1925-1932 period, gold stocks declined –76.47% in an equal-weighted gold stock index as reflected below.

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Second, in the period from 1940 to 1960, although interest rates on the 10-year Treasury bond doubled from 2% to 4% and the 3-month Treasury bill increased nearly 800%, Barron’s Gold Stock Index was virtually unchanged in the same period of time.  Additionally, investors who feared “the coming inflation” and stayed out of general equities missed an inflation adjusted gain of  nearly 400% in the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DIA).

Third, in the middle of the raging gold bull market from 1971 to 1980, gold stocks routinely underperformed the price of gold.  In our articles on Seeking Alpha titled “A Strategy Is Needed for Lagging Gold Stocks” and “Why Gold Will Decline More Than the Markets,” we reviewed the instances where gold stocks routinely underperformed the price of gold or the stock market in general.  Worse still, Barron’s Gold Stock Index peaked in 1974 and declined -66% only to return to breakeven five years later, just before the blow-off stage in the gold bull market.  We can now add the selloff from July 2011 to April 2012 to the long list of severe underperformance of gold stocks, during a bull market in gold.

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With the above facts in mind, it isn’t taken lightly that we would recommend gold stocks at this point.  However, a strategy is needed in order to outmaneuver the gold stock gremlins. In a recent Seeking Alpha instablog, we outlined the short and long-term gold stock price activity using our Gold Stock Indicator (found here) which is nearing a dual “buy” indication.

In our last article on gold stocks to consider, we used Edson Gould’s Altimeter highlighting Agnico-Eagle (AEM) and Gold Fields (GFI).  In this article we’re going to apply Gould’s Altimeter to Newmont Mining (NEM) and Barrick Gold Corp. (ABX). Gould’s Altimeter reflects the relative value of a stock based on the current dividend that is being paid.  Although Newmont Mining and Barrick Gold Corp. are near one year lows and have consistent dividend policies, Gould’s Altimeter sheds a completely different light on matters, leaving only one company a compelling investment opportunity after additional due diligence.

According to Yahoo!Finance, Newmont Mining engages “in the acquisition, exploration, and production of gold and copper properties. The company’s assets or operations are located in the United States, Australia, Peru, Indonesia, Ghana, New Zealand, and Mexico.”  There are a couple of fundamental attributes that are less than redeeming for Newmont Mining.  First, Newmont has a price to earnings ratio of 67.  This exceeds the norm for anyone who would buy a stock only if it had a p/e ratio of 20 or less.  The next issue is Newmont’s dividend which exceeds the trailing twelve months earnings by 91%.  This could be an issue down the road if earnings and the price of gold do not increase fast enough.

Considering these issues, Edson Gould’s Altimeter below suggests that, although the price of Newmont Mining (NEM) could decline from the current level, a purchase of the stock at or below $55 is considered a reasonable value.

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The most impressive aspect of Edson Gould’s Altimeter for Newmont Mining is the period from 1996 to 2000 when the stock was in a clear downtrend during the entire time.  Despite this fact, the Altimeter gave clear indications of when Newmont was relatively “undervalued” (lowest trend line) and also overvalued (highest trend line).

The next stock is Barrick Gold Corp. (ABX).  According to Yahoo!Finance, Barrick Gold is involved in “…the production and sale of gold and copper. The company has a portfolio of 26 operating mines, and exploration and development projects located in North America, South America, the Australia Pacific region, and Africa.”  With Barrick’s earnings at $4.48 and a dividend of $0.60, the dividend payout ratio sits at a paltry 13.39% of earnings.

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However, the reduction of the dividend near the middle of 2010 has had a major impact on how the Altimeter reflects Barrick’s relative value, which has played out in the movement in the stock price.  Had the dividend not been cut, Barrick would be characterized as though it were undervalued at the current price.  However, based on the Altimeter, Barrick is considered to be on a declining trend until the Altimeter falls below the 119 level.

In this instance, Newmont has the redeeming attributes that should carry the price much further than Barrick Gold Corp. based on the Altimeters above.

Note: As a word of warning, anyone compelled to invest in Newmont Mining should be mindful of the periods when the Altimeter declines by a wide margin from the lowest trend line (green).  This suggest that, in the short term, there is considerable downside risk.  However, the data in the chart for each period assumes that an investor were to buy at the moment the Altimeter first crosses below the lowest declining trend line.

Gold Stocks to Consider Based on Our Indicator

In light of our Gold Stock Indicator approaching the long term buy signal (found here), we have decided to go over the gold stocks that pay a dividend and are near their respective 52-week lows.  In this review, we’re going to cover Agnico-Eagle Mines Ltd. (AEM) and Gold Fields Ltd. (GFI).  When, and if, the Gold Stock Indicator actually reaches the long term buy indication it will be posted to our site.  The stocks that we cover here are for you to do additional due diligence before taking any action.

Agnico-Eagle Mines Ltd. (AEM) closed at $32.37 on Thursday April 5, 2012.  Agnico-Eagle is currently operating at an annual loss of -$3.36 according to Yahoo!Finance.  Contributing factors to Agnico-Eagle’s decline in price over the last year has been problems with the operation of their mines.

As described in many of our previous articles, Edson Gould’s Altimeter is based on the stock’s price relative to the actual dividend paid.  The Altimeter is a critical real-time assessment of value based on the company’s dividend.  Below is the altimeter for Agnico-Eagle:

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In our assessment of Agnico-Eagle, we have compared the current level of the Altimeter at 161.85 and compared it to other times when Agnico-Eagle has trade at the same relative level, or below, and traded up to 400 on the indicator.  In the case of Agnico-Eagle there were two periods, before the bull market in gold stocks began, that the stock was selling at a low and was a great buy (based on the altimeter).  In the period from November 2, 1990 to July 3, 1993, Agnico-Eagle rose +174% and in the period from August 25, 1998 to October 4, 1999 rose +157%.

Since the gold bull market began, the only other time that Agnico-Eagle was selling below 161.85 and subsequently traded up to the 400 level was the period from October 21, 2008 to October 6, 2010 for a gain of 103%, this far exceeded the gains of the SPDR Gold Shares (GLD) over the exact same period of time.

Next in our review is Gold Fields Ltd. (GFI).  Gold Fields sports trailing earnings of $1.22 in the last twelve months  and a dividend of $0.61 with a dividend yield of 4.70%.  Yahoo!Finance indicates that Gold Fields operates “in South Africa, Peru, Ghana, and Australia.” Based on the majority of countries that Gold Fields operates, there is some political risk to this investment.  However, Gold Fields has exhibited amazing consistency in the Altimeter below:

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Presently, Gold Fields is trading at the Altimeter level of 42.38.  The chart depicts the times when GFI was bought at the 42.38 level and sold whenever the Altimeter reached 100.  The results are amazing and provide clear evidence on how gold stocks can outperform the price of gold when combining Edson Gould’s Altimeter with our Gold Stock Indicator.

Our approach to buying these stocks is to purchase in two stages, once at, or near, current levels and a second time only if the stocks fall -20% below the initial purchase price.  As an example, if we have $10,000 that we’d like to invest then we buy $5,000 now and hold the remaining funds unless/until the stock declines by -20%.  We’re basically hedging with cash if we’re wrong.  If we’re right about our first investment (the stock price rises) then we can use the cash to buy another stock near a new low.

Before bothering with the first of many gold stocks that we’ll be covering based on our Gold Stock Indicator, please review the following questions and answers:

  • Is there downside risk to taking positions in gold stocks at this time? Yes, price declines can reach as much as -50% within the first two months of the purchase.
  • Are you comfortable with declines of -50% or more?  If not, then don’t bother with these stocks at this time.  If you’re wondering about the logic of recommending anything that might decline by as much as –50% then please read our view on the topic (found here).
  • Could these stocks have been held for the “long-term?”  Ideally, yes, however, we believe that history is not on the side of gold stocks relative to the price of gold as we described in greater detail in our article titled “A Strategy is Needed For Lagging Gold Stocks”.

We believe that Edson Gould’s Altimeter, when revealing consistent relative values, yields highly favorable results.  While we always seek to purchases at a relative low, we always set a target for selling at higher levels rather than “holding for the long term.”  Our analysis could change if the stocks mentioned above dramatically increase or decrease their dividend.

Apple Inc.: Edson Gould’s Altimeter as if AAPL were a Dividend Achiever

As Apple Inc. (AAPL) announces that it will be paying a dividend of $2.65 per quarter starting in July 2012, we wondered what Edson Gould’s Altimeter would look like if it were applied to AAPL after 1995, when AAPL eliminated their quarterly dividend.  We want to see how Gould’s Altimeter would react to Apple Inc. if the dividend were increased every year from 1996 to the present with the assumption that the 2013 annual dividend would be $10.60 per share.

The Altimeter was first described by Edson Gould in Barron's on February 21, 1968. Gould asserted that the relationship between the price and the dividends paid on that stock, or index, tell investors of under or overvaluation.  It is important to make the distinction between Edson Gould’s Altimeter analysis and his Speed Resistance Line [SRL] analysis.  Altimeters are based on the dividend payment relative to the stock price while the SRL is based strictly on the price movement.

In the case of Apple Inc. (AAPL), there hasn’t been a dividend paid since 1995.  To arrive at a dividend payment from 1996 to today, we calculated a gradual annual dividend increase as would be the case with any blue chip stock like a Dividend Achiever.  Dividend Achievers are stocks that have increased their dividend every year for 10 consecutive years in a row.

We're running on the assumption that the July 2012 $2.65 quarterly dividend would be the latest increase in a long string of dividend increases since 1996.  Below is the assumed dividend increases from 1996 to the present:

Year Annual Quarterly
1996 $0.52 $0.13
1997 $1.13 $0.28
1998 $1.76 $0.44
1999 $2.40 $0.60
2000 $3.00 $0.75
2001 $3.64 $0.91
2002 $4.42 $1.11
2003 $4.88 $1.22
2004 $5.52 $1.38
2005 $6.14 $1.54
2006 $6.76 $1.69
2007 $7.40 $1.85
2008 $8.02 $2.01
2009 $8.64 $2.16
2010 $9.28 $2.32
2011 $9.89 $2.47
2012 $10.48 $2.62
2013 $10.60 $2.65

Based on the proposed annual dividend increases, we can now view what Edson Gould’s Altimeter would look like for Apple Inc. (AAPL) stock.  Below is the Altimeter from 1996 to the present.

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The first thing that is noticed, in the chart above, is the fact that from 1996 to 2007, Apple traded in a range of between 50 and 17 on the Altimeter (Altimeter level; not stock price).  Anytime AAPL was trading near 50 the stock was overvalued and when the stock traded around the 17 range the stock was considered undervalued.

However, the low of 2003 marked the beginning of a new relationship between Apple’s stock price and our hypothetical dividend that would have been received.  Starting in 2006, AAPL’s stock would decline, at minimum, to the previous Altimeter peak.  The decline from the 2006 peak stopped exactly at the 2005 peak.  The decline from the 2007 peak initially flirted with the 2006 peak but ultimately succumbed to the forces in play and fell well below the 2006 peak.

Our take on this “pattern,” based on hypothetical dividend increases every year from 1996 to the present, is that the next support level for Apple’s stock price would be at the 2007 peak, at minimum.  This suggests that APPL’s stock price could decline to $284.98.  Such a decline would constitute a –52.59% drop from the closing price of $601.10 on March 19, 2012.  Although the $284.98 level seems dismal, it is a far cry better than Edson Gould’s Speed Resistance Line [SRL] analysis which suggests that the extreme downside target is $201.66.  This is an increase from the February 5, 2012 downside [SRL] analysis done on Apple (found here).

Diamond Foods and Speed Resistance Lines

In retrospect, everything appears “oh so clear.”  We love history and attempt to interpret events from the past as a means to project into the future, assuming everything remains the same. Which is why the chart below seems so stunning to us.

The above chart of Diamond Foods (DMND), which has recently been blown out the water due to some accounting “irregularities” and the dismissal of the CEO and CFO, demonstrates the seeming power of Edson Gould’s speed resistance lines (SRL).  First, notice that the high of DMND was at$96.13, the starting point for all analysis of SRLs.  Based on the high of $96.13, the conservative downside target would have been the $48.47 level.  At the same time, the extreme downside target would have been the $21.00 level with an intermediate downside target of $32.04.

Amazingly, every downside target has been met with DMND reaching as low as $21.44 , on an intraday low.  By the way, little mention has been made of the accounting firm that signed off on Diamond Foods spurious books.

Already, in our prior work, we've seen a Netflix (NFLX) SRL, done in December 2010, give us an extreme downside target of $66.  Almost a year later, NFLX declined through the $66 level to fall to as low as $62.37 on November 30, 2011.  Another SRL that we ran before it came to fruition was Green Mountain Coffee Roasters(GMCR) on October25, 2011.  At the time, GMCR was trading at $64.75.  We estimated, using the SRL, that GMCR had an extreme downside target of $37.21.  The stock recently fell as low as $39.42 as reviewed in our February2, 2012 posting.

Below is the latest speed resistance lines for a stock that we've been curious about for some time, Clean Harbors (CLH).

Some could reasonably argue that we’re allowing correlation to equal causation, which we’d gladly confess to.  However, this explains why we a reactively seeking companies which we can run Edson Gould’s SRLs beforehand to ensure some semblance of integrity in the concept.  We want to run this examination through as many companies as we can before the actual decline.

A word of warning, the fact that a stock reaches the extreme downside target does not necessarily mean that the stock or index is considered to be a “buy.” Nor does it suggest that the stock or index cannot fall further.  Instead, it only reflects what potentially could happen on the downside.  Additionally, SRLs do not suggest a time frame that a decline is expected to occur.

For the NLO team, speed resistance lines appeal to our sense of considering the worst case scenario, which has saved us a lot of money simply by avoiding situations that would create significant loss.  Using history to assist us in projecting the downside risk is the primary reason we started examining speed resistance lines.

More about SRLs here

Green Mountain Coffee Roasters and Speed Resistance Lines

On October 25, 2011, we posted a speed resistance line for Green Mountain CoffeeRoasters (GMCR).  At that time, we proposed,based on Edson Gould’s work, that the conservative downside target was $59.93while the extreme downside target was $37.21.
 

Sixteen days later, on an intraday basis, GMCR fell as low as$39.42.  This was within 6% of the targetedextreme low of $37.21. In this example, we’re satisfied that Edson Gould’s speed resistance line has met our expectations.

Apple (AAPL) and Speed Resistance Lines

As describedin our article on speed resistance lines (SRL) dated September 22, 2011 (found here), Netflix (NFLX) fell below our projecteddownside target of $99.58. Although we thought that the stock would be worthconsidering below such a level, we had to concede that, “...the difficulty may be that thesentiment that pushed the stock price to $298.73 would likely be just theopposite to push the price down.” Assuming the purchase of thestock at $99.58, an investor would have gained 21.10% based on the currentprice of $120.59.
Naturally, wewondered what Edson Gould’s speed resistance lines would say about AppleComputer (AAPL). The very first thing that we look for, to determine speedresistance lines, is the most recent peak in the price.  Because AAPL is continually making new highs,we only need to use the latest price of $455.68 as our starting point.

Based onGould’s work, Apple (AAPL) has a conservative downside target of $230.09 and theextreme downside target is $151.89.  Whenwe ran the same calculations on Netflix (NFLX) in September 2011, we made aseemingly innocuous error.  We overlookedthe fact that NFLX had a lower support line (red line) at the price level of $85.  In this case, we have denoted AAPL’s supportline (also in red line), at $117.05, as a potential downside target for thestock.
As the priceof Apple increases, so too does the SRL lines based on the work ofEdson Gould.  The rampant enthusiasm for AAPLsuggests that the stock isn’t likely to decline to the indicated levels anytime soon.  However, when and if you seeAAPL start to make a swan dive, the levels indicated are reasonable downside targets.

Edson Gould’s Speed Resistance Lines: Chipotle & Green Mountain

As described in our article on speed resistance lines dated September 22, 2011 (found here), Netflix (NFLX) has fallen below the level of $99.58 in a quick crash. At the time that we first ran the speed resistance lines on NFLX on December 3, 2010 we calculated a conservative range of $117 and an extreme range of $66.

Although we thought that the stock would be worth considering below the indicated levels, at the time, we had to concede that,  “the difficulty may be that the sentiment that pushed the stock price to $298.73 would likely be just the opposite to push the price down.” Therefore, we’re not buyers of NFLX at these levels. However, we wondered what Edson Gould’s speed resistance lines would say about two other stocks that have had tremendous increases recently.

The first stock is Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG) which has had a tremendous run-up in the last several years. In the chart below we can seen that Chipotle has recently peak around the $342.49 level. Based on Gould’s work, the near term conservative downside target is $200.59 while the extreme downside target is $114.16. If the stock price increases above $342.49 then so too will the downside targets.
The next company that we’re interested in seeing the outcome on is Green Mountain Coffee Roasters (GMCR). It is challenging to believe that Green Mountain Coffee Roasters is going to increase above the prior peak in the near term. However, there appears to be a tremendous amount of downside risk for this company despite the decline that has already taken place. The conservative downside target is $59.93 while the extreme downside target is $37.21.  Green Mountain Coffee Roasters (GMCR) appears to have the worst technicals since a move below the $37.21 price could bring the stock down to the old support level of $3. 
We believe that it is worth examining whether or not these targets are accomplished. Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG) actually appears to have some upside momentum in it still. However, we believe that the downside targets are reasonable estimates of where the stocks could go before initiating new research on whether these companies have viable business models.
Disclaimer: This piece is a continuation of the examination of Edson Gould's speed resistance line as explained in prior articles.  This is not an endorsement to sell short at the current levels nor buy these stocks once falling below the extreme downside targets since the stocks have been randomly selected, at best.
Those who understand interest earn it, those who don't pay it.

Netflix and Speed Resistance Lines

In a February 9, 1970 Barron’s article titled “600 on the Dow?” William X. Scheinman provides an interesting chart of the Dow Industrials (DJI) that outlines what he believes to be the target level that the DJI would fall to before rebounding. This analysis included macro economic analysis that supported the reasons why the Dow was expected to go to 600.

What is most compelling in Scheinman’s analysis is the accuracy of the target level that the DJI was expected to reach. An element that leaves some unanswered questions is that Scheinman had predicted that the DJI would reach 600 within the same year that the article was written. Of course, The DJI didn’t reach 600 until 1974. This has to do with Scheinman’s cycle analysis which is separate and distinct from the topic which we will examine. Being aware of this inconsistency and leaving it aside for the time being, we’ve attempted to understand the rational and methodology of how Scheinman was able to arrive at 600 on the DJI when it was trading at 755.68.

Scheinman indicates that he obtained his method for accurately predicting the level of the DJI from Edson Gould. According to Scheinman, Gould used what is known as the 1/3 speed resistance line measurement to gauge price change and elapsed time which was purported to be two key determinants of crowd psychology in the market. Scheinman goes on to say:

“Resistance lines decline or ascend at one-third or two-thirds the rates of actual declines and advances between significant bottoms and tops. Resistance to advance or decline is frequently encountered at such trendlines; however, if the resistance line is decisively penetrated, the price-action often tends to accelerate in the direction of the penetration.”
In an example provided by Scheinman below, he plots the bull market of the DJI from 1949 to 1970. In that chart, we can see that the dashed line, the one-third speed resistance line, intersects with the 600 level on the DJI.

As far as we can tell, the 1/3 speed resistance line is calculated by dividing the peak of the market move by 3.  To be as conservative as possible, we’ve added the 1/3 speed resistance figure to the low of the first major decline in the bull run.  In this case, the first major low in the bull market from 1949 to 1966 was at the 1953 low of DJI 254.  The peak is indicated to be 1001 (1001/3=333.66).  Then we add 333.66 to 254 arriving at a figure of 587.66.  In order to account for the extremes, we assume that 1/3 the peak is the point at which the market finally settles.  In this case, 1/3 of the peak value is 333.66.  We feel that the conservative and extreme values help to establish a range which a market or stock that has had a near parabolic rise will finally settle at or near. 

According to our calculations for the market run from 1949 to 1966, 587.66 and 333.66 were the conservative and extreme downside targets for the market, respectively.  However, in the article, Scheinman says that the potential worst-case scenario level would be 597.61.  For the most part, Scheinman’s estimate was fairly accurate in terms of where the reversal in the market occurred.  The bottom in the stock market took place on December 9, 1974 at the 579.94 level.

In the chart of the Dow from 1945 to 1976 below, it should be noted that a large amount of “overshooting” of the 1/3 speed resistance line occurred when the low did take place in 1974 instead of 1970 as predicted by Scheinman.  In the case of the Dow, the index overshot the 1/3 speed resistance line in 1974 by 15%.  However, the price was well within the established, albeit wide, range of 587.66 to 333.66.

We decided to see how consistent the 1/3 speed resistance line would be if applied to three different situations.  First, we’ll review the bull market in the Dow Industrials (DJI) from 1982 to 2007. Next, we’ll run this model using the Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index (XAU) from the bear market bottom of 2001 to the present.  Finally, we’re going to see how this model works against Netflix (NFLX), a member of the Nasdaq 100, in a real-time example.

In the case of the bull market run from 1982 to 2007, we divided the peak of the market at 14,164 by 3 and arrived at 4721.33.  We then added 4721.33 to the first major low in the market after the beginning of the bull market which was in 1987 at 1738.74.  The sum of the two figures is 6460.07 for the conservative and 4721.33 for the extreme scenarios. 

When we review the actual bottom in the DJI in 2009 of 6547.05 we can see that the difference between the most conservative estimate and the 2009 low was off by 86.98 points.  There is no instance of the DJI overshooting the 1/3 speed resistance line.  Although coming within 1.5% of an estimated target seems exceptional, the real challenge becomes, would an investor commit money to an investment before the price level actually hits a projected target?  Once invested, could an investor stomach a further decline of 27% or more? [(6460.07-4721.33)/6460.07=26.92%]

In the case of the bull market run in the XAU Index, we divided the peak of the index at 206.37 in 2008 by 3 and arrived at 68.79.  We then added 68.79 to the first major low in the index after the beginning of the bull run, which was at 49.83 on November 19, 2001.  The sum of the two figures is 118.62.  When we contrast the difference between the two numbers, 118.62 and the actual low of 65.72, we see that conservative estimate was accomplished, however a further decline of 45% to below the extreme level was established instead.  Reasonably near the extreme end of the range, but who is willing to hold on after a 45% drop?
Finally, in reviewing the chart pattern of Netflix (NFLX), we have the peak of NFLX at $298.73.  The conservative estimate for the stock is that it would fall to $148 which has already taken place.  The extreme downside target would be $99.58.  Because of the nature of the rise, we believe that Netflix (NFLX) is slated to fall at least to the $99.58 level. 
If for any reason investors become interested in buying Netflix (NFLX), the ideal time to do it appears to be at a price at or below $99.58.  However, the difficulty may be that the sentiment that pushed the stock price to $298.73 would likely be just the opposite to push the price down.  Only time will tell whether Netflix is going to conform to technical patterns created by Edson Gould.
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iShares Silver Trust (SLV) Debrief

On April 14, 2011, we provided what we believed to be the downside target for the Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index (XAU) in anticipation of the current decline that is taking place using Edson Gould’s speed resistance lines (article here).  Although appearing to be very similar, there is a distinct difference between Gould’s resistance lines and Charles Dow’s 1/3 support levels.  Gould’s lines have support levels based on 1/3 of high while Dow’s support levels are based on 1/3 the difference between the prior bottom and the most recent high.

 

In this review we’re going to tackle the trading pattern of the very controversial iShares Silver Trust (SLV). In the chart below we have drawn the Dow Theory support levels where the price of iShares Silver Trust (SLV) is likely to revert to as part of a normal reaction.  As a point of clarification, according to Dow Theory, a bear market does not begin until the index or stock falls by at least 1/3 of the prior rise.  In the case of (SLV), today’s closing price at $33.72 heralds what is sufficiently below the first support $34.52 and should be considered to be a bear market. 

 

Although this could be considered a bear market based on Dow Theory, we only need to look back to 2008 to know how quickly and viciously a bear market in precious metals can begin and end.  The precious metals bear market of 2008 crushed the XAU gold and silver stock index with a 68% decline in eight months.  During the same time, the iShares Silver Trust (SLV) declined slightly more that 55%.  

 

Bear market or not, some observations are worth considering.  First, in the chart below, the overall pattern of the price decline in (SLV) for the Dow Theory indication numbered 1 (in green) is very similar to the current decline represented with the Dow Theory indication numbered 2 (in blue).  Since Dow Theory works on a relative basis, once initiated at a major low, the signals provided are not confused through the distortions of large or small numbers.  Headlines about SLV having declines of historic proportions are grossly exaggerated if there is no comparison on a percentage basis and compared to prior declines.

Second, at the beginning of each run at point 1 and 2, the price of SLV bounced off of the middle line B (also known as the 2/3 support line) before going parabolic. 

Finally, the decline from each peak was rapid and vicious.  One-third of the prior rise was wiped out in a matter of days after the peak.

 

 

What remains is a high level of uncertainty for (SLV) going forward.  However, in general, we should see SLV tread water for a brief period of time before falling back to the prior low which began with the current run back in November 2008.   Dow Theory suggests that a reasonable buying opportunity would exist at below line B (blue line B).  However, we wouldn’t jump in at the slightest move below line B.  Instead, we’d like to see the price decline to the dashed blue line at $15.41 or below.

Projecting Downside Targets for Gold and Silver Stocks

In our prior work on the topic of gold and silver, we indicated that the precious metals market had entered into a secular bull market. Our confidence in that thesis was based on the works of Edward Dewey and Edwin Dakins 1947 book titled Cycle: The Science of Prediction. In that book, Dewey and Dakins illustrated the cycles for inflation which indicated that a peak in inflation would occur in 1979 and a trough of inflation would occur around 2006. While the 1979 peak was accurate the 2006 bottom was off by a few years. However, we feel confident that being off by a few years within the context of a 50-year cycle allows for some margin of error.


As investors, the NLO team is primarily concerned with the downside risk and major downside targets. For the gold and silver market, we will use the Philadelphia Gold and Silver Stock Index (XAU) to determine where the next low might occur.


To project the downside target for the XAU, we will use speed resistance lines as pioneered by Edson Gould. William X. Scheinman wrote a piece in Barron’s titled “600 on the Dow” on February 9, 1970 that outlined exactly how Gould’s resistance lines work.


The forecast by Scheinman of a closing low for the Dow at 600 was off by 2.57% when the index closed at 584.56 on October 4, 1974. [As a sidebar, Dow Theory gave a bull market indication in January 1975 that would have investors fully invested.] Although being off by such a small amount, Scheinman also said that the low would occur approximately a year from the date that the article was written. We believe that the tactical error on the part of Scheinman was to expect that the decline would be based strictly on a set time frame rather than based on the level of the resistance line. The chart below is the original piece that was generate by Scheinman from 1970.


In our chart of the Gold and Silver Stock Index, we have drawn the XAU on a daily basis from 1983 to the present. As described by Scheinman, the counter-trend movement should revert to the speed resistance line or two-thirds of the established high. As an example, the previous peak of the XAU on March 14, 2008 was at the 206.37 level. 206.37 divided by 3 is 68.79. The reversal from the 2008 decline was 65.72 on the XAU. This was within 4.5% of the speed resistance level.



Based on the most recent high of 228.95 the downside target for the XAU index is 76.32. We recommend that whenever the XAU index falls at or below the speed resistance line drawn on the chart, between now and just before 2028, as part of the secular rising trend in interest rates/inflation, we would expect that the stocks in the index are underpriced. Confirmation of fair values should be determined for possible speculative positions at these times.


Note: A variation on this method is to divide the high by three then adding the first major low after the start of the bull market, in this case the October 27,2008 low for the XAU. An example of the usefulness of this technical approach to projecting downside targets can be found by dividing the 2007 top in the Dow Jones Industrial Average (14,164) by three and adding the 1987 low (1738.74). This provided a speed resistance line of 6460.07 which was within 2% of the actual March 9, 2009 low. The blue horizontal line, in our chart of the XAU above, represents the expected downside target when adding the October 2008 low to the speed resistance line.
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Northwest Natural Gas (NWN) Altimeter

Today's altimeter is on Northwest Natural Gas (NWN) and there is a lot to appreciate when we exam the pattern that has been established so far. NWN has increased its dividend for 53 years in a row. With such a history of dividend increases, I think NWN will do everything it can to avoid cutting or leaving the dividend the same. At the price of $42.29, NWN is within 16% of the 52-week low.

NWN has a challenging altimeter to decipher until you take a closer look. The pattern that has been established since 2000 until the present is an exact replication of the move from the period 1995 to 1997 (shown in the inset.) After the 1995 to 1997 moves we can see that the stock traded in a wide range until the ultimate low in 2000. From the 2000 low the stock traded in a narrow ascending range, offering several clear opportunities to buy and sell the stock.

Although I have taken artistic license on the interpretation of this altimeter, I do believe that the possibility may exist that NWN will not go materially below the March 2009 low. With the recent decline in natural gas prices, NWN offers a reasonable investment opportunity with a long history of dividend increases and a fair payout ratio. NWN is definitely worth investigating at the current levels. Let us hope that the stock price declines while you're doing the research on this company. Touc.

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Weyco (WEYS) Altimeter

Below is a chart of the Weyco (WEYS) altimeter. As we can see, WEYS trades in a range between 275 on the high end and just above 150 on the low end of the range. Given WEYS balance sheet and the products that it produces (Florsheim shoes) this company is worth investigating.

One consideration is the fact that WEYS has tremendously low trading volume. Additionally, this stock has only increased its dividend 10 years in a row which means that we can't be sure that the company can weather an true economic cycle. However, as mentioned before, this company has no debt and my be worth a second look. Touc.

Bank of Hawaii (BOH) Altimeter

The chart below is a representation of the Bank of Hawaii (BOH) altimeter. BOH has increased its dividend every year for 31 years in a row. As we can see, BOH's altimeter has been in a rising trend for quite some time.That trend was recently broken during the recent banking crisis.
The channel that BOH has managed to fluctuate within suggests that the stock is overvalued at the high end and undervalued at the low end. The period of extreme overvaluation is reflected in 2003 and started to move in a declining trend to undervaluation when BOH increased the dividend from $0.19 to $0.30.

There are two periods of extreme undervaluation in the altimeter. The first level of extreme undervaluation hit bottom in October 2000. The second period was most recently in March of this year. If the stock were to go back to the "historical" low end of the range, BOH would be priced at $54 a share. Although we do not have an extensive history on the periods of extreme undervaluation, it could be inferred that, based on the altimeter, an investment in BOH while not risk free, could be considered low risk.

At least one hitch to my assessment on BOH, in terms of the altimeter, is the fact that the low in March 2009, around the 60 level, could be part of a normal low range that is being established for the stock. If the 60 level is the low end of a new long-term range, my best guess is that the 110 level is the upper end of the range. At the 110 level, BOH stock price would be $49.50.

Only time will tell whether the escalating failure of banks is going to spread even further. However, BOH has managed to fare better than most banks of a similar size. As a further indication of BOH's strength, the dividend increase in November 2008 suggests that management believes the company will survive through the present banking liquidation cycle. Regardless of BOH's strength, I wouldn't be surprised if BOH does not increase the dividend in November. However, if a cut in the dividend takes place then I would be more cautious on the company and the stock. Touc.

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Wal-Mart (WMT) Altimeter

Below is a chart of Wal-Mart's altimeter. As mentioned before, the purpose of the altimeter, created by Edson Gould, is to determine the relative value of a company based on the quarterly dividend payment and the daily price of the stock or index.

Based on the above chart, we can see that WMT is traditionally overvalued between 1100 and 1200 level. Additionally, when WMT falls to the 550 level the company is considered undervalued. What should be noticed is the double bottom that took place in the 1995 to 1997 period. After that time, WMT took off like a rocket.

In the most recent period from 2007 to 2009, we can see that WMT is forming a similar double bottom. From this indication, we should look out for the stock to rise significantly over the next four years. The expected rise in WMT should be in spite of all the economic forecasts of a continued decline in the economy.

The chart below is my own interpretation of WMT if the company pursued a less aggressive policy of increasing the dividend at such a high rate.

In the first chart, you can see that after 2004 WMT fell to an extreme level of undervaluation. The reason this occur is because WMT continued in increase the dividend at a high rate even though the company didn't have the earnings to support such increases. With diminished earnings, WMT issued more shares to raise capital to fund the dividend payments at the expense of per share earnings.

My model continues to increase the dividend every year but at a rate of 50% less than what WMT did from the period of 2004 to the present. This lowers the number of shares that need to be issued. In fact, my model would not have required the issuance of new shares to cover the dividend.

At the moment, we could consider WMT undervalued. However, keep in mind the fact that the continued issuance of shares in order to keep the dividend history intact undermines future earnings growth.

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